Prostate Cancer in Australia: An Overview

Prostate cancer is a significant men’s health concern. Prostate cancer in Australia impacts the lives of many men and their families. It is the most common cancer among Australian men, therefore having an understanding of the prevalence, risk factors, screening guidelines, and available treatments for this disease is important.

This article gives an overview of prostate cancer in Australia.

Prostate Cancer in Australia – Prevalence and Incidence

Prostate cancer In Australia is a leading cause of cancer-related deaths men. According to Cancer Council, an estimated 24,200 Australian males were diagnosed with prostate cancer in 2022. The average age at diagnosis was 69 years old.

Although the incidence of prostate cancer in Australia is high, the survival rate has improved significantly over the years due to advancements in early detection and treatment options.

Whilst most men won’t die from the disease, it remains the second leading cause of cancer death in Australian men.

Prostate Cancer in Australia – Risk Factors

There is ongoing research into the causes of prostate cancer. A number of dietary and environmental factors have already been investigated, however none have yet been proven to cause or prevent prostate cancer.

The risk of developing prostate cancer increases with age; prostate cancer in Australia is up to 1 in 7. Family history is also thought to play a role, as men with close relatives who have had prostate cancer are at higher risk.

Prostate Cancer in Australia – Screening and Early Detection

Prostate-specific antigen (PSA) testing is the most common method used for the early detection of prostate cancer in Australia. PSA is a protein that is produced by the prostate gland, and elevated levels of PSA in the blood can be indicative of the presence of cancer.

The PSA itself does not diagnose prostate cancer, but is often the first test that your doctor will perform. Following your PSA blood test, you may be referred to a urologist for further evaluation, which may include a prostate examination, multiparametric prostate MRI, and MRI-fusion prostate biopsy.

It is recommended that men over the age of 50 speak to their doctor about having a PSA blood test (or men over the age of 45 in instances where there is a family history of the disease).

Prostate Cancer in Australia – Treatment Options

Treatment for prostate cancer in Australia varies depending on the stage of the disease, the overall health of the patient, and the patient’s personal preferences.

In many low-risk cases, active surveillance, where the cancer is carefully monitored without immediate treatment, may be appropriate. Other treatment options include:

• Surgery: Robotic-assisted radical prostatectomy, where the entire prostate gland and some surrounding tissues are removed
• Radiation Therapy: this treatment uses high-energy rays to kill cancer cells or stop their growth
• Systemic treatment: is generally used for advanced cases when the cancer has spread beyond the prostate.

Prostate Cancer in Australia – Melbourne Urology Centre

Prostate cancer in Australia remains a critical health issue that affects thousands of men every year.

The urologists at Melbourne Urology Centre understand that a diagnosis of prostate cancer can be a very stressful and life-changing event. Whilst great surgical outcomes are critical, this is only one component of patient care. To assist in our patients’ recovery, we facilitate (as required): prostate cancer nurse support, psychologist support, pelvic floor physiotherapy and rehabilitation, sexual health management and other survivorship pathways.

If you would like to arrange a consultation with a urologist at Melbourne Urology Centre, please obtain a referral from your GP and telephone our rooms on 1300 702 811.

Learn more: Prostate cancer surgery